MongoDB 组合多个条件查询（$and、$in、$gte、$lte）-白红宇

MongoDB 组合多个条件查询（$and、$in、$gte、$lte）

阅读量：5868 次

发布时间：2019-06-19

本文共 6838 字，大约阅读时间需要 22 分钟。

一，问题描述

数据格式： id, timeStamp,count

条件1：查询某个时间段内的数据： timeStamp BETWEEN startTime AND endTime。比如 timeStamp BETWEEN 1499875200 AND 1499875600

条件2：记录的 id 字段属于某集合： id IN (1001,1002,1003)

条件3：记录的count字段大于某个阈值，比如： count > 10000

二，代码实现

条件1实现如下， $gte （greater equal）表示“大于等于 ”。【$lte（lower equal）】表示“小于等于”

private DBObject timeCondi(long startTimeStamp, long endTimeStamp){        DBObject queryCondition = new BasicDBObject("$gte", startTimeStamp).append("$lte", endTimeStamp);        BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject("timeStamp", queryCondition);        return query;    }

条件2的实现如下，使用 $in ArrayList<Integer> 来表示 id IN (1001,1002,1003)

private DBObject inCondi() {        List
     
       idList = new ArrayList
      
       ();        idList.add(1001);        idList.add(1002);        idList.add(1003);        BasicDBObject inQuery = new BasicDBObject();        inQuery.put("id", new BasicDBObject("$in", idList));        return inQuery;    }

组合条件1 和条件2 查询：（条件1 AND 条件2）.List 将所有 AND 组合的条件add进去，然后使用 $and 组合。

private DBObject andQuery(long startTimeStamp, long endTimeStamp) {        DBObject timeCondi = timeCondi(startTimeStamp, endTimeStamp);        DBObject inCondi = inCondi();        List
     
       andCondi = new ArrayList
      
       ();        andCondi.add(timeCondi);//组合 条件1        andCondi.add(inCondi);//组合 条件2        BasicDBObject andQuery = new BasicDBObject();        andQuery.put("$and", andCondi);        return andQuery;    }

条件3：记录的count字段大于某个阈值，比如： count > 10000

private DBObject countCondi(int size) {        DBObject queryCondition = new BasicDBObject("$gte", size);        BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject("count", queryCondition);        return query;    }

WINDOWS下安装好MongoDB后，MongoDB采用Clietn--Server 模式。WIN10下启动MongoDB服务端：-dbpath 指定数据存储目录(可自己指定一个)

D:\Program Files\MongoDB\Server\3.4\bin>.\mongod.exe -dbpath ..\data

另起一个 Cmd命令行，输入：

D:\Program Files\MongoDB\Server\3.4\bin>.\mongo.exe

就可以以Shell方式操作MongoDB了。

输入 exit 退出

D:\Program Files\MongoDB\Server\3.4\bin>netstat -ano | findstr 27017 查看端口是否开启。

另外，推荐一个MongoDB的可视化工具：。执行相应的查询语句如下：

三，新版本MongoDB(3.0版本以上)，使用Filters来组合多个条件

查询 timeStamp 在[startTimeStamp, endTimeStamp) 内的所有document

1     private static Bson timeBetweenCondition(long startTimeStamp, long endTimeStamp) {2         Bson condition = Filters.and(Filters.gte("timeStamp", startTimeStamp), Filters.lt("timeStamp", endTimeStamp));3         return condition;4     }

上面的示例，使用Filters的and方法连接了两个条件，其实还可以连接多个条件：比如查询 timeStamp 在[startTimeStamp, endTimeStamp) 区间内，并且 uid 在List<Long>uids 内的document

1     private static Bson multipleAndCondition(long startTimeStamp, long endTimeStamp, List
     
       uids) {2         Bson condition = Filters.and(Filters.gte("timeStamp", startTimeStamp), Filters.lt("timeStamp", endTimeStamp), Filters.in("uid", uids));3         return condition;4     }

Filters还组合了 IN 条件：比如，查询 uid 在[123, 456, 789]中，可用如下条件：

1     private static Bson uidInCondition(List
     
       uids) {2         Bson condition = Filters.in("uid", uids);3         return condition;4     }

具体更多的条件查询，可查看Filters的源代码。关于Filters的更多的用法可参考：

四，MongoDB查询时，过滤某些字段

使用Document对象来指定需要查询或者排除的字段。0 表示不返回该字段的值，1 表示返回该字段的值。

1     //0 表示 不返回 该字段, 1 表示 返回该字段2     private static Document fetchFields() {3         Document fetchFields = new Document();4         fetchFields.put("_id", 0);//查询的结果 不返回 _id 字段5         fetchFields.put("uid", 1);//返回 uid 字段6         fetchFields.put("chat", 1);//返回 chat 字段7         return fetchFields;8     }

然后再将 fetchFields 对象传入 project()方法即可，如下：

collection.find(timeBetweenCondition(startTimeStamp, endTimeStamp)).projection(fetchFields())

整个完整示例参考：

import com.mongodb.MongoClient;import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;import com.mongodb.client.MongoCursor;import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;import com.mongodb.client.model.Filters;import org.bson.Document;import org.bson.conversions.Bson;import java.time.LocalDateTime;import java.time.ZoneId;import java.util.Arrays;import java.util.List;//import static com.mongodb.client.model.Filters.*;/** * Created by Administrator on 2017/10/20. */public class MongoUtil {    private static final String HOST = "localhost";    private static final int PORT = 27017;    private static final String DB_NAME = "test";    private static final MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient(HOST, PORT);    private static MongoDatabase getDataBase() {        return mongoClient.getDatabase(DB_NAME);    }    private static MongoCollection
     
       getCollection(String collName) {        return getDataBase().getCollection(collName);    }    private static Bson timeBetweenCondition(long startTimeStamp, long endTimeStamp) {        Bson condition = Filters.and(Filters.gte("timeStamp", startTimeStamp), Filters.lt("timeStamp", endTimeStamp));        return condition;    }    private static Bson uidInCondition(List
      
        uids) {        Bson condition = Filters.in("uid", uids);        return condition;    }    private static Bson multipleAndCondition(long startTimeStamp, long endTimeStamp, List
       
         uids) {        Bson condition = Filters.and(Filters.gte("timeStamp", startTimeStamp), Filters.lt("timeStamp", endTimeStamp), Filters.in("uid", uids));        return condition;    }    //0 表示 不抽取该字段, 1 表示 抽取该字段    private static Document fetchFields() {        Document fetchFields = new Document();        fetchFields.put("_id", 0);//查询的结果 不返回 _id 字段        fetchFields.put("uid", 1);//返回 uid 字段        fetchFields.put("chat", 1);//返回 chat 字段        return fetchFields;    }    public static void main(String[] args) {        MongoCollection collection = getCollection("mycollection_name");        LocalDateTime today = LocalDateTime.of(2017, 8, 29, 0, 0, 0);        LocalDateTime tomorrow = today.plusDays(1);        long startTimeStamp = today.atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()).toEpochSecond();        long endTimeStamp = tomorrow.atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()).toEpochSecond();        Bson andCondition = multipleAndCondition(startTimeStamp, endTimeStamp, Arrays.asList(65496L));//        Bson andCondition = timeBetweenCondition(startTimeStamp, endTimeStamp);        Document fetchFields = fetchFields();        MongoCursor
        
          cursor = collection.find(andCondition).projection(fetchFields).iterator();        long count = collection.count(andCondition);        System.out.println(count);        while (cursor.hasNext()) {            Document document = cursor.next();            String chat = (String) document.get("chat");            Long uid = (Long) document.get("uid");            System.out.println("chat:" + chat + ", uid:" + uid);        }    }}

五：参考文献

https://www.mkyong.com/mongodb/java-mongodb-query-document/

http://farenda.com/mongodb/mongodb-filtering-sorting-and-projections/

原文：http://www.cnblogs.com/hapjin/p/7450309.html

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